延边大学医学学报

目的：分析肠道菌群联合代谢组学在儿童孤独症中的应用价值。方法：将2024年1月—2025年12月延安大学附属医院收治的45例孤独症患儿设为观察组，另将在该院进行健康体检的儿童45例设为对照组。对两组受检儿童进行肠道菌群检测以及血浆代谢组学检测，采用Spearman相关分析方法探讨肠道菌群与代谢组学之间的关系。结果：在属水平物上与对照组相比，观察组双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium）相对丰度上调，埃氏菌属-志贺菌属（Escherichia-Shigella）、普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）相对丰度下调；在门水平物上与对照组相比，观察组放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）水平上调，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）水平下调。甘氨酸水平与Bifidobacterium、Firmicutes呈正相关（r=5.615、6.518,P均<0.001），与Escherichia-Shigella呈负相关（r=-3.515,P<0.001）。L-组氨酸水平与Escherichia-Shigella呈正相关（r=11.658,P<0.001），与Bifidobacterium呈负相关（r=-5.915,P<0.01）。环甘氨酰脯氨酸水平与Escherichia-Shigella呈负相关（r=-6.927,P<0.01）。结论：孤独症患儿部分代谢物的改变与肠道菌群存在复杂的相关性，说明二者与孤独症存在一定的关联。

Objective: To analyze the application value of gut microbiota combined with metabolomics in childhood autism. Methods: A total of 45 children with autism admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from January 2024 to December 2025 were selected as the observation group, and another 45 children undergoing health checkups in the same hospital were selected as the control group. Gut microbiota detection and plasma metabolomics detection were performed on children in both groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolomics. Results: At the genus level, compared with the control group, the observation group showed upregulation of the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and downregulation of the relative abundances of Escherichia-Shigella and Prevotella. At the phylum level, compared with the control group, the observation group showed upregulation of Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota and downregulation of Firmicutes. Glycine level was positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Firmicutes(r = 5.615, 6.518, both P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with Escherichia-Shigella(r =-3.515, P < 0.001). Histidine level was positively correlated with Escherichia-Shigella(r = 11.658,P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium(r =-5.915, P < 0.01). Cyclo(glycyl-prolyl) level was negatively correlated with Escherichia-Shigella(r =-6.927, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The alterations of certain metabolites in children with autism have complex correlations with gut microbiota, indicating that both are associated with autism.